It provides financial and technical support for developing countries to comply with the montreal protocol s obligations. The protocol has contributed significantly to reversing a problem with grave implications for life on earth. The montreal protocol and the green economy abbreviations abbreviations article 5 1 developing country parties to the montreal protocol whose annual per capita consumption and production of ods is less than 0. Twenty questions and answers about the ozone layer. Perhaps unknown to many outside the world of environment and all its jargon, something extremely significant was happening in africa, in the beautiful rwanda.
National inventory report government of canada publications. The 2014 code of practice covers the design, installation and servicing of stationary and mobile refrigeration and air conditioning systems. Canada actively participates in all multilateral negotiations and forums to further strengthen and advance the global implementation of the montreal protocol. The montreal protocol on substances that deplete the ozone layer the montreal protocol is an international agreement made in 1987. Unido plans, develops and implements national and sectorwide ozonedepleting substances ods phaseout plans in developing countries to ensure their compliance with the montreal protocol. Amendment to the montreal protocol on substances that deplete the ozone layer kigali amendment, 2016. Montreal protocol on substances that deplete the ozone layer, done at montreal, september 16, 1987 montreal protocol, including any future amendments thereto, as applicable to it. Training manual for custom officers unep 2008, have also been. The conference included the 11th conference of the parties cop11 to the united nations framework convention on climate change unfccc, and was the first meeting of the parties mop1 to the kyoto protocol since their initial meeting in kyoto in 1997. Environmental agreements ministry of the environment. Evaluation of environment canadas activities in support. The montreal protocol on substances that deplete the ozone layer 1 preamble the parties to this protocol, being parties to the vienna convention for the protection of the ozone layer, mindful of their obligation under that convention to take appropriate measures to protect human health and the environment against. The conference met at the headquarters of the international civil aviation organization, montreal, with the kind support of the government of canada.
The government of canada ratified the kigali amendment to the montreal protocol on substances that deplete the ozone layer. The importance of the montreal protocol in protecting climate article pdf available in proceedings of the national academy of sciences 10412. Notice to anyone engaged in the use of methyl bromide. Montreal protocol on substances that deplete the ozone layer. Initially signed by 46 countries, the treaty now has nearly 200 signatories. Request alternate formats to request an alternate format of a publication, complete the government of canada publications email form. Montreal protocol on substances that deplete the ozone. The united states has committed to the montreal protocol on substances that deplete the. Battling climate change through the montreal protocol.
The montreal protocol on substances that deplete the ozone layer. The international response embodied in the montreal protocol has been widely regarded as the most successful environmental protection agreement ever reached to date. The vienna convention and montreal protocol a history of strong action. The parties to the montreal protocol on substances that deplete the ozone layer have agreed to phase out the production and consumption of. The international treaty called the montreal protocol on substances that deplete the ozone layer montreal protocol exit is gradually eliminating the production and consumption of ozone depleting substances to limit their damage to the earths ozone layer. It was designed to stop the production and import of ozone depleting substances and reduce their concentration in the atmosphere to. The multilateral fund for the implementation of the montreal protocol was established in 1991 by the parties to the protocol to provide technical. It might not seem so long ago that the discovery of the hole in the ozone layer over antarctica had us in a frenzy over cfcs in. Undp is also an implementing agency for the global environment facility gef which funds similar programmes in. Montreal protocol1 on substances that deplete the ozone layer the parties to this protocol, being parties to the vienna convention for the protection of the ozone layer,2 mindful of their obligation under that convention to take appropriate meas ures to protect human health and the environment against adverse effects re. The montreal protocol and its implications for climate change. The multilateral fund for the implementation of the montreal protocol was established in 1991 by the parties to the protocol to. Environment canada commissioned this study on the global benefits and costs of the montreal protocol as part of canadas contributions to the tenth.
Conference, on 16 september 1987, adopted the montreal protocol on. The evaluations primary focus is environment canada s activities to support. The supreme court of canada grants leave to appeal the redwater decision. The 2005 united nations climate change conference took place between november 28 and december 9, 2005, in montreal, quebec, canada. Hfc phasedown the parties to the montreal protocol on substances that deplete the ozone layer. To understand these connections better, researchers are now looking more closely at how the troposphere and stratosphere interact figure 1. The purpose of this document is to present the evaluation of environment canadas activities in support of the montreal protocol and multilateral fund. It was then that the vienna convention for the protection of the ozone layer was created in response. Canada has also had a stated commitment of reducing hfc emissions. Key lessons from the montreal protocol experience for promotion of a green economy. Evaluation of environment canada s activities in support of the montreal protocol and multilateral fund accessible pdf evaluation of programs and activities in support of the species at risk act accessible pdf. The ozonaction fact sheet kigali amendment to the montreal protocol.
Hfcs are being phased down in australia from 2018 and globally under the montreal protocol from 2019, as they generally have a high global warming potential. The 2014 environmental code of practice for the elimination of fluorocarbon emissions from refrigeration and air conditioning systems, issued under subsection 2081 of cepa 1999, replaces the 1996 code of practice. The montreal protocol s financial mechanism that includes a multilateral fund is the first of its kind to be established. Cop 11 and the 29th meeting of the parties to the montreal protocol mop 29, are meeting from 2024 november in montreal, canada. Turning 30 this month, the montreal protocol was a landmark environmental success that serves as a model for addressing other problems, although it also has some unfinished business. The fund, which is being hosted in montreal by canada, is celebrating its 25th anniversary this year. Since 1992, unido has helped in the phasing out of more than onethird of ozonedepleting substances in the developing world. Canada has taken an initiative due to the countrys variety of natural resources, climates and populated areas, all of which can contribute to environmental stress. The montreal protocol on substances that deplete the ozone layer was signed in 1987, under the auspices of the united nations environment programme unep, to gradually eliminate global consumption and production of ozonedepleting substances ods. List of international environmental agreements wikipedia. Evaluation of environment canadas activities in support of the. The montreal protocol on substances that deplete the ozone. Delegates from all over the world had convened in the capital, kigali from october 1015, for the 28 th meeting of the parties to the montreal protocol. Leveraging worldwide participation, the montreal protocol has sent clear signals to the global market and placed the ozone layer, which was in peril, on a.
The montreal protocol has proven to be innovative and successful, and is the first treaty to achieve universal ratification by all countries in the world. Montreal protocol sustainable development knowledge. American proposal to phase down hfcs under the montreal protocol. Environment canada scientists are contributing to this research in a variety of ways, including the monitoring of ozone concentrations and solar radiation levels and collaboration. The montreal protocol, signed 30 years ago, is intended to protect the ozone layer and address climate change. Canadian environmental protection act 1999 is also responsible for the management and control of the. Additionally, environment canada is in the process of developing a proposal for regulatory measures for hfcs, following the publication of a notice of intent to regulate hydrofluorocarbons on december 6, 2014. The montreal protocol parties decision to move towards limiting hfcs emerges from an interesting tension between multilateral environmental agreements. The aim of the montreal protocol is to control and ultimately eliminate global emissions of substances that deplete the ozone. In the context of international environmental treaties, the montreal protocol has seen unparalleled.
The evaluation itself was conducted by environment canada s audit and evaluation branch aeb in fy 201220. Some, such as the kyoto protocol, differentiate between types of countries and each nations respective responsibilities under the agreement. Vienna convention for the protection of the ozone layer pdf 738. These parties are referred to in paragraph 1 of article 5 of the montreal protocol. Montreal protocol on substances that deplete the ozone layer protocol to the vienna convention for the protection of the ozone layer pdf 738kb plain language summary the montreal protocol is the international agreement that ensures the protection of the earths ozone layer through the global phaseout of ozonedepleting substances ods. The montreal protocol is widely considered one of the worlds most successful multilateral environmental agreements, having phased out 97% of almost 100 ozonedepleting substances odss placing the ozone layer on the path to recovery. As an implementing agency of the multilateral fund for the implementation of the montreal protocol mlf, undp supports developing countries eliminate ods.
Back in 1987, nations gathered in montreal, quebec, to sign this historic pact to confront depletion of the atmospheres ozone layer, a problem that threatened the environment and human health around the planet. In the years ahead, all 197 countries ratified the montreal protocol, agreeing to work together to fix the hole in the earths ozone. The global environment facility gef was established to forge international cooperation and. This text contains the latest version of the montreal protocol on substances that deplete the ozone layer, updated to march 2000 to include the cumulative amendments to various articles adopted by the parties at their second, fourth, ninth and eleventh meetings. The montreal protocol is signed by 197 countries the first treaty in the history. While leakage rates can vary widely among different hvac products, good design and servicing can keep leakage. The main objective of the multilateral fund for the implementation of the montreal protocol is to assist developing country parties to the montreal protocol whose annual per capita consumption and production of ozone depleting substances ods is less than 0. Montreal protocol, international treaty, adopted in montreal on sept. Republic of finland and the government of the republic of estonia on cooperation in combatting pollution in the marine environment and the related protocol. Canada s involvement canada was one of the first countries to ratify the montreal protocol and is the host of the protocol s multilateral fund. This is a list of international environmental agreements most of the following agreements are legally binding for countries that have formally ratified them. Several hundred international environmental agreements exist but most link only a limited. Support for this approach was announced by united states, canada, and mexico, on. These regulations reflect canada s international commitments under the montreal protocol to eliminate production and consumption of odss.
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